Offensive security has become a cornerstone strategy for organizations aiming to fortify their defenses against cyber threats. However, before one creates a suitably developed offensive security program, an organization must ensure it is properly scoped. This will ensure the final product is effective, efficient, and aligned with the organization's overall security objectives.
Here's a guide to help organizations understand and implement a well-scoped offensive security program.
Understanding Offensive Security
Offensive security is a proactive approach to cybersecurity where potential attackers' tactics, techniques, and procedures (TTPs) are emulated to identify and remediate vulnerabilities before they can be exploited. It's not about attacking; it's about testing defenses in a controlled manner to strengthen the security posture generally through the use of penetration tests and Red Team exercises.
The Importance of Scoping
Scoping is the process of defining the boundaries and objectives of an offensive security program. A well-defined scope ensures that security teams effectively test all critical assets and allocate resources. Without proper scoping, there is the risk of missing out on critical vulnerabilities or wasting resources on low-impact areas.
An effective offensive security strategy involves thorough evaluations by seasoned security professionals who perform penetration testing on the software and infrastructure. These specialists proactively seek out and attempt to exploit system weaknesses, emulating the actions of potential attackers.
Automated scanners are adept at detecting standard vulnerabilities; however, uncovering the most severe security flaws often proves challenging. This task necessitates the intervention of experts who possess not only a deep understanding of the relevant technologies and programming languages but also a proficiency in the methods attackers employ to compromise these systems and their components.
7 Steps to Scope An Offensive Security Program
1. Identify Assets: Begin by creating a comprehensive inventory of the digital assets at hand. This step includes primary, subsidiary domains, third-party services, and external-facing endpoints that could be potential targets.
2. Define Objectives: Clearly outline the goal for the offensive security program. Is it to identify vulnerabilities, test incident response capabilities, or improve security awareness within the organization? These objectives will guide the scope of the program.
3. Assess Threat Landscape: Understand the specific threats the organization faces. This involves researching the TTPs of threat actors relevant to the organization's industry and tailoring the offensive security program to simulate these threats.
4. Determine the Scope of Testing: Decide on the extent of testing based on the preset objectives and threat assessment. This decision may range from full-scale red team exercises to targeted penetration tests on critical systems.
5. Engage the Right Personnel: Ensure the offensive security team includes the right mix of skills and expertise. This includes ethical hackers, security analysts, and incident responders who can effectively carry out the scoped activities.
6. Plan the Exercises: Develop a schedule for the offensive security exercises. Regular testing is key to keeping up with the evolving threat landscape and ensuring continuous improvement of the organization’s security posture.
7. Review and Adjust: After each exercise, review the findings and adjust the scope, as necessary. This iterative process helps refine the program and ensure it remains relevant and effective.
Final Takeaway
Scoping an offensive security program is a critical step that should not be overlooked. By following these steps, one can ensure that the program is targeted, comprehensive, and aligned with the stated security goals. Remember, the goal of offensive security is not just to find vulnerabilities but to enhance the overall security posture and readiness against cyber threats.
