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JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) is a language and platform independent format for data interchange. JSON is in widespread use with a number of JSON parsers and libraries available for different languages. While some information is available for JSON hijacking this attack is not very well understood.
JSON Hijacking as the name suggests is an attack similar to Cross-Site Request Forgery where an attacker can access cross-domain sensitive JSON data from applications that return sensitive data as array literals to GET requests. An example of a JSON call returning an array literal is shown below:
[{"id":"1001","ccnum":"4111111111111111","balance":"2345.15"},{"id":"1002","ccnum":"5555555555554444","balance":"10345.00"},{"id":"1003","ccnum":"5105105105105100","balance":"6250.50"}]
This attack can be achieved in 3 major steps:
Object.prototype.__defineSetter__('ccnum',function(obj){
secrets =secrets.concat(" ", obj);
});
It should be noted that not all browsers support this method; the proof of concept was done on Firefox 3.x.This method has now been deprecated and replaced by the useObject.defineProperty There is also a variation of this attack that should work on all browsers where full named JavaScript (e.g. pi=3.14159) is returned instead of a JSON array.
There are several ways in which JSON Hijacking can be prevented:
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